3-4+USH

Abby Regan 10/4/11 USHCP Masterson

Key Terms: Battle of Gettysburg: A battle that took place because the South was planning to invade that town for provisions. Pickett's Charge: Lee commanded George Pickett to rush to the Union's center on Cemetery Ridge, but less than half the Confederates actually made it. Gettysburg Address: The speech Lincoln made when dedicating the cementery. He talked about the war and how it was a test of the stability of the USA. Seige of Vicksburg: General Grant and his troop surrounded the city of Vicksburg, prevented any reinforcements for the South from coming, which caused many people to starve. War of attriton: General Grant's strategy, which was to keep fighting until the south ran out of supplies, men, and the will to fight. Total War: General Sherman's strategy, which was not to just fight the enemy troops, but to destroy their economic resources.

Key People George Meade: General Hooker's replacement William Tecumseh Sherman: Matched Grant's determination, and was promoted to being commander of the Tennesse army after showing his skills in Vicksburg.

Summary

Gettysburg
 * General Lee planed to invade the North again and steal provisions from the Union.
 * When Lee crossed into Pennslyvania, General Hooker hestitated to stop him, fearing the number of troops he had, and was quickly replaced.
 * The Confederates were planning to steal some shoes in a store in Gettysburg, but the Union was guarding the town.
 * Assuming that the North would soon get reinforcements, Lee attacked quickly, and tried to gain control of Little Round Top without success.
 * Lincoln dedicated a cemetery at the Gettysburg battlefield.

Lincoln Finds His General
 * General Grant was recognized as a strong leader by President Lincoln.

Vicksburg
 * In order to attempt to take Vicksburg, Grant snuck deep into enemy territory, "bottled up" one of the Confederate forces, near Jackson, then hurried west to trap the other force in Vicksburg.
 * General Grant kept the South from getting any reinforcements for six weeks.
 * General John Pemberton surrendered the territory to Grant, therefore giving the North control over the entire Mississippi River.

Summer of 1864
 * General Grant was promoted to being general in chief, and planned to march into Richmond, accept any loses, and keep going.
 * In Chancellorsville, the Union lost 8,000 more men than the Confederates because the South held their ground.
 * Despite the losses, Grant pushed on, and clashed many times with the Confederates at Spotsylvania Court House, Virginia.
 * Grant traveled South to Petersburg Virginia in order to capture the railroad center there, and although General Lee appeared to be holding his ground, his resources were slowing dwindling.

Sherman's March to The Sea
 * Sherman was to destroy all southern railroads and industries, and he defeated John Hood and forced Confederate forces to retreat.
 * When Atlanta was destroyed, the Confederates lost their last railroad that went across the Appalachian Mountains.
 * The fall of Atlanta renewed hope that the war would soon be over, and because of this, Lincoln was able to get the Republican party back together and got re-elected.
 * After burning Atlanta, General Sherman's army went to Savannah, Georgia, and destroyed anything that might help the south (crops, farms, railroad tracks).
 * In December 1864, Sherman and his army were resupplied at Savannah.

Surrender at Appomattox
 * April 2, 1865, General Lee withdrew from Richmond.
 * Lee's army was only half he size of Grant's, and when Grant blocked Lee's escape route to the west, Lee asked for "terms of surrender.
 * Grant and Lee met in the villiage of Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia, and talked about the Mexican War for a time.
 * Confederates could be fed and hav animals returned to them, and none would be tried for treason as long as they surrendered.
 * As the Union began to celebrate it's victory, Grant told them to be quiet, because the Confederates were now reunited with the Union, and he didn't want to piss the Confederates off.
 * General Joesph E. Johnson surrendered to General sherman under similar terms in Durham Station, North Carolina.