3-1+USH

Abby Regan 9/20/11 USHCP Mr. Masterson

Key Terms:
 * The Crittenden Compromise: This stated that slavery would be illegal in the North, but slavery could expand in the south.
 * The First Battle of Bull Run: The North met the South near the Manassas Junction, which is a railroad 30 miles outside DC.

Key People:
 * Robert E. Lee: A great military general in the south who demostrated his abilities multiple times, including the Mexican War,and capturing John Brown.
 * Joesph E. Johnston: Led the South in the Battle of Bull Run.
 * Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson: The general who helped the South win the First Battle Of Bull Run.

Summary:

Last Attempt at Compromise
 * By the time Abraham Lincoln came to office, the nation was falling apart.
 * John J. Crittenden proposed the Crittenden Compromise, which Lincoln rejected because he didn't want to lose popularity.
 * The secessionists were excited about creating a new nation.
 * Lincoln was determined to keep the USA together.

The Fall of Fort Sumter
 * The Confederacy took over many federal forts, but Fort Sumter remained under federal control until...
 * The South needed the fort in order to access Charleston.
 * The North didn't want to lose the fort because it would show that the fderal govt. was weak if they did.
 * Governer Pickens was alerted that the supply ships would come, but they didn't carry any troops or weapons.
 * On April 12th the Confederates attacked fort Sumter.
 * The Confederates surrendered when they ran out of supplies.
 * Lincoln called for the states to supply him with soldiers to help calm the Confederacy Down.

Choosing Sides
 * Arkansas, Tennesee, North Carolina, and Virginia seceded from the Union and named Richmond, Virginia, as their capital.
 * No one was worried about Deleware seceding, but Maryland, Kentucky, and Missouri were divded by the issue.
 * North western Virigina eventually became it's own state, West Virginia, and became part of the union in 1863.
 * Some Northerners wanted to fight the Confederacy, and a few supported the South.
 * Many people who had supported the north had family supporting the south and vice versa.

Comparing North and South
 * The north had military control over the south, but the south had many more advantages.

Northern Advantages
 * The North had a huge population advantage.
 * The north aslo had more industrial resources, giving them an economic advantage.
 * The North had more effiencent rail roads, and the south gt most of their supplies for railroads from the north...
 * Most of the US navy was still loyal to the North.

Southern Advantages
 * The South only had to fight one defensive war, and had less territory to conquer than the north.
 * They also had the strongest military generals.
 * General Scott asked Lee to command the North, but Lee said no.

The Armies
 * The Union had more experienced soliders, while the south not only had less soldiers, but less experience.
 * African Americans and natives were forced to serve in the South's military.
 * The south promised the Indians an all Indian state if they supported the south.
 * The Mexicans mostly supported the North.

The First Battle of Bull Run
 * The Northern and Southern soldiers both needed training.

Fighting at Manassas
 * The Confederates met the Union near a creek called Bull Run, near Manassas Junction.
 * At first the Union was winning, but then Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson turned it around.

The Aftermath of Southern Victory
 * The Battle of Bull Run made mny people see that this was going to be a long battle, so both sides started planning strategies.
 * The Battle of Bull Run shocked and shamed the North and made them mor determined to win!